Udorongodzwa hwe nhangande dze mushonga

Tarisai futi Nhangande dzemushonga uye Nhangande

Nhangande dze mushonga zvinoreva ku Chingezi kuti chemical elements. Peji rinori ndere udorongodzwa hwe nhangande dze mushonga, kureva nhangande dzinowanikwa mutafura ye rupotero mu Chishona.

Mashoko aripano anogona kunge asingawanikwi kuChishona chamazuva ose, izvi ndezvekuda kwekuti tiri kuzama kuumba mutauro saka mamwe mashoko arikutogwa kubva mimwe mitauro ye Chibantu kana yemuno muAfurika. Uyezve mamwe mashoko anenge achitoorwa kubva kwaakabva senge Chiratini, Chigiriki, Chiarabhu (kana Chiswahiri), Chiperusiya uye wo Chiijipita Chekare (Chikemeti).

Chimwe chinhu chokuziva ndechokuti Chishona chakagara chichikumbira mashoko kubva kumimwe mitauro senge Chiputukezi, Chiswahiri, Chingezi, Chibhunu. Pamusoro pezvo tinotora kubva kumitauro iri muboka remitauro ye Chivanhu (Chishona) senge: Chikaranga, Chindau, Chimanyika, Chizezuru, Chikalanga, Chinambya uye mimwe ine hukama huri pedyo senge Chivhenda, Chitonga kana Chitsonga.

Udorongodzwa

nhangande				vambo rezita	Fezi ku r.t.
numeri ye atomu Z	chiratidzo	zita mu chishona	Zita mu chingezi
1	H	Sikamanzi	Hydrogen	Chingezi chinotodza Chigiriki hydro- (mvura) uye -gen (sika/umba) Chishona chirikuti: Sikamanzi, (manzi imvura kuChindevele) sikamanzi, umbamanzi, vambamanzi	gasi
2	He	Chimuzuva Ran'a	Helium	Rakavamba paChigirki, hḗlios kureva 'zuva' Chimuzuva ishoko reChivanhu, Ran'a rakavamba paChinguni ilanga.	gasi
3	Li	Ritosi, Lithosi	Lithium	Kubva pashoko reChigirki líthos, kureva 'ibwe' Chishona chirikutodza Chigiriki wo, Lithos -> Ritosi.	godo
4	Be	Bheruri, Bheruli	Beryllium	Beryl, umuchengwa (rakavamba pazita re Belur kuChamhembe cheIndia) Chishona chirikutodza Chihindi wo, Belur -> bheruli	godo
5	B	Bhawaraki	Boron	Borax, umuchengwa (Chingezi chakatodza Chiarabhu -> bawraq) Chishona chirikutodza Chiarabhu wo, bawraq -> bawaraki	godo
6	C	Mrasha, Kabhoni	Carbon	Chingezi chakatodza Chiratini, carbo, 'rasha' Shoko rokuti murasha ndiro ringagona kushandiswa paChivanhu. Murasha rinotodza chirevo che Carbon kwarakabva kuChiratini. Kabhoni ishoko rinotodza Chingezi.	godo
7	N	Azote Nito /Sikanito	Nitrogen	Chingezi chinotodza Chigiriki nítron (nito) uye -gen (sika/umba), mashoko eChivanhu angangoti sikanito, umbanito, vambanito Chishona chinotodza Chiputukezi, nokuda kwepesvedzero yekare. saka shona inoti, Azote, azoteri (nitrate)	gasi
8	O	sikanyong'o, Pefumuro, Mpefumuro, Mhefumuro	Oxygen	Chigiriki oxy (nyong'o) - and -gen (sika. umba, vamba) Oksijeni ne Okusijeni riri kutorwa kubva kuChingezi.	gasi
9	F	Fwere, Fulorini	Fluorine	Chingezi chakatodza Chiratini fluere, 'kuyerera' Chishona chirikutodza Chiratini, fluere -> fwere	gasi
10	Ne	Niyoni	Neon	Chishona chirikutodza wo Chigirki, néon, 'tsva, chowani'	gasi
11	Na	Natiri	Sodium	Chingezi (kubva paChiratini Chekare) soda Chiratidzo Na chinobva kuChiratini Chitsva natrium, Chiratini chakatodza Chijerumani Natron, Chishona chirikutodza Chiratini. natrium -> natiri	godo
12	Mg	Maganesi	Magnesium	Magnesia, iwiraya rekuMambvazuva e Tesari kuVuguriki Nzvimbo -> (Tesalia,Thessaly, Petthalía nzvimbo ye Greece)	godo
13	Al	Aluminiyamu	Aluminium	Alumina, kubva kuChiratini alumen (gen. aluminis), 'ururu, munyu' Chishona chirikutodza Chiratini, alumen -> arumeni	godo
14	Si	Sirikoni, silikoni	Silicon	Chingezi chakatodza Chiratini silex, 'flint' (pazwi rokuti silicium) Chishona chirikutodza chingezi, silicon -> sirikoni	godo
15	P	Chifosiforo Fosiforo	Phosphorus	Rakabva kuChigiriki phōsphóros, 'bara-chiedza'	godo
16	S	salifa, sarifa	Sulfur	Kubva Chiratini, sulphur, 'brimstone' Chishona chirikutodza Chiratini, sulphur -> sarifa/salifa/salfa	godo
17	Cl	Kurorini, Klorini	Chlorine	Chingezi chinotodza Chigiriki, chlōrós, 'zerere-huroro' Chishona chirikutodza Chingezi, chlorine -> kurorini / klorini	gasi
18	Ar	Arugosi	Argon	Kubva kuChigiriki, argós, 'udhiniwe' (nekuda kwe husimbe hwayo) urusimbe (inertness) Chishona chirikutodza Chigiriki argós -> arugosi	gasi
19	K	Kaliwumi, Kaliumi	Potassium	Chingezi chinotodza Chiratini Chitsva potassa, 'potash', kubva ku pot ne ash Chiratidzo chayo K chakavamba pa Chiratini kalium Chishona chiri kutodza Chiratini, kalium -> kaliwumi, kaliumi	godo
20	Ca	Rondongu	Calcium	Kubva paChiratini calx, 'lime'	godo
21	Sc	Skandyamu	Scandium	Kubva paChiratini Scandia, 'Scandinavia' Chishona chirikutodza Chingezi - scandium -> skandyamu	godo
22	Ti	Titanimu	Titanium	Titans, vakororo waRinopasi mwarikadzi we ruambangano dze Chigiriki. Chishona chirikutodza Chingezi, titanium -> titanimu	godo
23	V	Vhanadhimu	Vanadium	Vanadis, zita ramwarikadzi weSkandinavhiya Freyja muChinorudhi Chekare Chishona chirikutodza Chingezi, vanadium -> vhanadhimu	godo
24	Cr	Rhangi	Chromium	Kubva pa Chigirki, chróma, 'ruvara' rhangi zvinoreva ruvara mumitauro yeChibantu senge Chiswahili.	godo
25	Mn	Manganisi	Manganese	Kwaive kukanywa kwe magnesia negra; tarisai maginesia	godo
26	Fe	Utare Chisa	Iron	Ishoko reChingezi Chiratidzo chayo Fe chakavambwa kubva kuChiratini ferrum Chisa ialoyi re Utare, "steel" inogadzirwa ne utare.	godo
27	Co	Kobharuti, Kobhalti	Cobalt	Ishoko reChijerumani Kobold, 'goblin' Chishona chirikutodza Chingezi, cobalt -> kobharuti, kobhalti	godo
28	Ni	Niyakari, Nikeru	Nickel	Nickel, mischievous sprite ye ruambangano rwe mutapi Mujerumani النيكل (alniykal) Chishona chirikutodza Chiarabhu, alniykal -> niyakari	godo
29	Cu	Mhangura	Copper	Shoko reChingezi, Chiratini cuprum, Chigiriki Chenyakare Kýpros 'Cyprus'	godo
30	Zn	Zeng'e	Zinc	Rinofungidzirwa kubva paChijerumani Zinke, 'prong' kana 'zino', Vamwe vanoti raka paChiperusiya sang, 'ibwe' sang -> san'i	godo
31	Ga	Garimu	Gallium	Chiratini Gallia, 'Furansi'	godo
32	Ge	Jerimanimu	Germanium	Chiratini Germania, 'Jerumani'	godo
33	As	Aruseniki, aseniki Zaruniya	Arsenic	Chifurenji arsenic, Chigiriki arsenikón 'aruseni huroro' (yakapesvedzerwa ne arsenikós, 'masculine' kana 'virile') Yakabva paChiezhiya chekuMadokero Chiirani Chekare *zarniya-ka, 'ndarama' zarniya-ka -> zaruniya	godo
34	Se	Serenimu	Selenium	Chigiriki selḗnē, 'mwedzi'	godo
35	Br	Bhuromini	Bromine	Chigiriki brômos, 'stench'	mutuvi
36	Kr	Kriputoni	Krypton	Chigiriki kryptós, 'hidden'	gasi
37	Rb	Rubhidhimu	Rubidium	Latin rubidus, 'deep red'	godo
38	Sr	Storondimu	Strontium	Strontian, a village in Scotland, where it was found	godo
39	Y	Yiterimu	Yttrium	Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also terbium, erbium, ytterbium	godo
40	Zr	Zarukuni	Zirconium	Zircon, a mineral, from Persian zargun, 'gold-hued' zargun -> zaruguni	solid
41	Nb	Niobhimu	Niobium	Niobe, mukunda wa mambo Tantalus weRuambanhano dze Chigiriki tarisai futi tandalumi	solid
42	Mo	Moribhudhenimu	Molybdenum	Chigiriki molýbdaina, 'piece of lead', kubva pa mólybdos, 'lead', due to confusion with lead ore galena (PbS)	solid
43	Tc	Tekinetimu	Technetium	Chigiriki tekhnētós, 'artificial'	solid
44	Ru	Rutenimu	Ruthenium	New Latin Ruthenia, 'Rhashiya'	solid
45	Rh	Rhodhimu	Rhodium	Chigiriki rhodóeis, 'rose-coloured', from rhódon, 'rose'	solid
46	Pd	Paladhimu	Palladium	Pallas, an asteroid, considered a planet at the time	solid
47	Ag	Darejena	Silver	English word ·  Symbol Ag is derived from Latin argentum	solid
48	Cd	Kadhimimu	Cadmium	New Latin cadmia, from King Kadmos	solid
49	In	Indimu	Indium	Latin indicum, 'indigo', the blue colour found in its spectrum	solid
50	Sn	Stanamu	Tin	English word ·  Symbol Sn is derived from Latin stannum	solid
51	Sb	itimidha	Antimony	Chiratini antimonium, ruvambo haruzivikwi: zviambashoko zvengano zvinoti Chigiriki antí ('against') + mónos ('alone'), kana Chifurenji Chekare anti-moine, 'Monk's bane', asi, Varatini vanogana vakatora kuChiarabhuʾiṯmid, 'antimony', Chiratidzo Sb chavambwa kuChiratini stibium 'stibnite' Chishona chirikutodza Chiarabhu, itmid -> itimidha	solid
52	Te	Telurimu	Tellurium	Latin tellus, 'pasi, rinopasi'	solid
53	I	Iyodhini	Iodine	Chifurenji iode, kubva kuChigiriki ioeidḗs, 'vhiore'	solid
54	Xe	Zayanuni	Xenon	Chigiriki xénon, neuter kuba pa xénos 'strange' زينون (zaynun) Chishona chirikutodza Chiarabhu	gasi
55	Cs	Sesiyamu	Caesium	Latin caesius, 'sky-blue'	solid
56	Ba	Bhariyamu	Barium	Chigiriki barýs, 'heavy'	solid
57	La	Landanamu	Lanthanum	Chigiriki lanthánein, 'to lie hidden'	solid
58	Ce	Seriyamu	Cerium	Ceres, a dwarf planet, considered a planet at the time	solid
59	Pr	Purasodhimu	Praseodymium	Greek prásios dídymos, 'green twin'	solid
60	Nd	Neodhimu	Neodymium	Greek néos dídymos, 'new twin'	solid
61	Pm	Promithiyamu	Promethium	Prometheus, a figure in Greek mythology	solid
62	Sm	Samarimu	Samarium	Samarskite, kutodza zita raV. Samarsky-Bykhovets, Murhusi uhofisi hwe utapi	solid
63	Eu	Yuropiyamu	Europium	Yuropu	solid
64	Gd	Gadhorinimu	Gadolinium	Gadolinite, kutodza Johan Gadolin, mukemisti Mufinishi, physicist uye mineralogist	solid
65	Tb	Terubhimu	Terbium	Ytterby, Swidheni, kwayakawanikwa; see also yttrium, erbium, ytterbium	solid
66	Dy	Dhisporosimu	Dysprosium	Greek dysprósitos, 'hard to get'	solid
67	Ho	Horimiya,	Holmium	New Latin Holmia, 'Stockholm'	solid
68	Er	Erubhimu	Erbium	Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also yttrium, terbium, ytterbium	solid
69	Tm	Turimu	Thulium	Thule, the ancient name for an unclear northern location	solid
70	Yb	Yiterubhimu	Ytterbium	Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also yttrium, terbium, erbium	solid
71	Lu	Ruteshamu	Lutetium	Latin Lutetia, 'Paris'	solid
72	Hf	Hafuni	Hafnium	New Latin Hafnia, 'Copenhagen' (from Danish havn, harbour)	solid
73	Ta	Tandarumu	Tantalum	King Tantalus, father of Niobe from Greek mythology; see also niobium	solid
74	W	Wurufu	Tungsten	Swedish tung sten, 'heavy stone' Symbol W is from Wolfram, Chijerumani wolf-rahm 'wolf's foam' describing the mineral wolframite	solid
75	Re	Rhenimu	Rhenium	Latin Rhenus, 'the Rhine'	solid
76	Os	Osime	Osmium	Greek osmḗ, 'smell'	solid
77	Ir	Iridhimu	Iridium	Iris, the Greek goddess of the rainbow	godo
78	Pt	Puratinamu	Platinum	Spanish platina, 'little silver', from plata 'silver'	godo
79	Au	Ndarama	Gold	English word ·  Symbol Au is derived from Latin aurum	godo
80	Hg	Nyamatsatsi	Mercury	Mercury, mwari we Varhoma we commerce, Chiratidzo Hg kubva kuChiratini hydrargyrum, kubva paChigirik hydrárgyros, 'water-silver'	liquid
81	Tl	Tarosi	Thallium	Greek thallós, 'green shoot or twig'	godo
82	Pb	Mutobvo	Lead	English word ·  Symbol Pb is derived from Latin plumbum	godo
83	Bi	Wisimuti, Bhisimuti	Bismuth	German Wismut, from weiß Masse 'white mass', unless from Arabic	godo
84	Po	Poronimu	Polonium	Latin Polonia, 'Poland', home country of Marie Curie	godo
85	At	Astatini	Astatine	Greek ástatos, 'unstable'	fezi hayizivikwi
86	Rn	Radhoni	Radon	Radium emanation, originally the name of the isotope Radon-222	gasi
87	Fr	Furanzimu	Francium	France, home country of discoverer Marguerite Perey	fezi hayizivikwi
88	Ra	Radhimu	Radium	French radium, from Latin radius, 'ray'	godo
89	Ac	Akitinimu	Actinium	Greek aktís, 'ray'	godo
90	Th	Torimu	Thorium	Thor, the Scandinavian god of thunder	godo
91	Pa	Purotakitinimu	Protactinium	Proto- (from Greek prôtos, 'first, before') + actinium, since actinium is produced through the radioactive decay of protactinium	godo
92	U	Yuraniyamu	Uranium	Uranus, the seventh planet in the Solar System	godo
93	Np	Neputunamu	Neptunium	Neptune, the eighth planet in the Solar System	godo
94	Pu	Plutoniyamu	Plutonium	Pluto, a dwarf planet, considered a planet in the Solar System at the time	godo
95	Am	Amerisyamu	Americium	Amerika, kwarukwa nhangande racho pokutanga, ne homologue § europium	godo
96	Cm	Kurimu	Curium	Pierre Curie and Marie Curie, French physicists and chemists	godo
97	Bk	Bherekelimu	Berkelium	Berkeley, California, where the element was first synthesised	godo
98	Cf	Karifoniyamu	Californium	California, where the element was first synthesised in the LBNL laboratory	godo
99	Es	Einistenimu	Einsteinium	Albert Einstein, German physicist	godo
100	Fm	Ferumimu	Fermium	Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist	fezi hayizivikwi
101	Md	Menderevhimu	Mendelevium	Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist who proposed the periodic table	fezi hayizivikwi
102	No	Nobherimu	Nobelium	Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and engineer	fezi hayizivikwi
103	Lr	Lorenzimu	Lawrencium	Ernest Lawrence, American physicist	fezi hayizivikwi
104	Rf	Rutafodhimu	Rutherfordium	Ernest Rutherford, chemist and physicist from New Zealand	fezi hayizivikwi
105	Db	Dubhinamu	Dubnium	Dubna, Rhashiya, kwakarukwa nhangande pokutanha muJINR laboratory	fezi hayizivikwi
106	Sg	Sibhorugi	Seaborgium	Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist	fezi hayizivikwi
107	Bh	Bhorimu	Bohrium	Niels Bohr, Danish physicist	fezi hayizivikwi
108	Hs	Hasiya	Hassium	New Latin Hassia, 'Hesse', a state in Germany	fezi hayizivikwi
109	Mt	Meitineri	Meitnerium	Lise Meitner, Austrian physicist	fezi hayizivikwi
110	Ds	Dharimustadhimu	Darmstadtium	Darmstadt, Jerumani, kwakarukwa nhangande pokutanga muGSI laboratories	fezi hayizivikwi
111	Rg	Rondigeni	Roentgenium	Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, German physicist	fezi hayizivikwi
112	Cn	Kopanisyamu	Copernicium	Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer	fezi hayizivikwi
113	Nh	Nihonimu	Nihonium	Chijapa Nihon, 'Japani', kwakarukwa nhangande pokutanga muRiken laboratories	fezi hayizivikwi
114	Fl	Fwerovhimu, Flerovhimu	Flerovium	Flerov Laboratory ye Nuclear Reactions, chikamu cheJINR kwakarukwa nhanande pokutanga, itself named after Georgy Flyorov, Russian physicist	fezi hayizivikwi
115	Mc	Moskovhimu	Moscovium	Moscow, Russia, where the element was first synthesised in the JINR laboratories	fezi hayizivikwi
116	Lv	Rivhamoru	Livermorium	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California	fezi hayizivikwi
117	Ts	Tenesini	Tennessine	Tennessee, Amerika, kune Oak Ridge National Laboratory	fezi hayizivikwi
118	Og	Oganisoni	Oganesson	Yuri Oganessian, Russian physicist	fezi hayizivikwi