Chindeya

Kubva Wikipedia
Zvindeya

Chindeya (ku Chingezi: Planet) kana zvindeya, muzvidzidzo zvinoti: taranyika; jekanyika; fundoyetsimba, izita rinomirira mitumbi inopoterera zuva. Nyeredzi imwe neimwe ine boterero rainofamba mariri ichipoterera zuva.

Zvindeya zvinosanganisira mitumbi inoti: Nyamatsatse (Mercurius)[1][2]; Hweva (Venus)[1][3][4]; Rinopasi (earth); Murongazuva (Mars)[1][5]; Vhenekeratsvimborume (Jupiter)[1][6]; Chirema (Saturnus)[1][7]; Yuranisi (Uranus) neNeputoni (Neptunus). Idzi ndizvo zvindeya zvine maboterekwa anopoterera zuva ratinoona rinobuda nokunyura panyika yatigere. Kubatanidzwa kwezvindeya idzi pamwe nezuva kunodanwa muChishona kunzi Mutandiro weMushana (kana 'solar sytem' muChingezi) iro shoko rokuti mushana richimirira zuva ratinozambira panyika.

Mutumbi we Njondi (pluto) waimboshevedzerwa kunzi chindeya asi zvakazoshandurwa neKubatana kwePasirose kweZvechadenga (IAU; International Astronomical Union). Iye zvino Njondi yakushevedzerwa kunzi nyeredzi diki kana chindeya chidiki.

Zita[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Zvindeya kana chindeya izita rino mirira mitumbi dzemuchadenga dzino poterera Zuva. Zvindeya zvinodanwa nemazita akasiyana seNyeredzi, kana Zvichadenga.

Chirevo che: Chindeya[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Zvindeya zvakarongwa kubva kuzuva.

Iro shoko rekuti chindeya rino batanidzirwa nemafundo akasiyana, senhoroondo, ruambanyeredzi, sainzi neruambangano. Pachibviswa chindeya chedu chatigeremo (Rinopasi) pane zvindeya shanu zveMutandiro weMushana zvinoonekwa neziso pacharo (ziso risina kupfeka / risina maikiroskopu). Nekudaro zvindeya izvozvo zvakambo kudzwa zvikanamatwa munhoroondo, kunyanya kuVarungu (Magiriki neMaroma pakazhinji).

Nyanzvi dzekwe Kubatana kwePasirose kweZvechadenga (S: KPZ; Chingezi: IAU) dzakabvumirana muna 2006 pane tsananguro yezvekuti; chinhu chekudenga chinotorwa sechindeya chinofanhira kunge chichiita zvinhu zvitatu zvakanyora pazasi:

  • (i) rinofanhira kunge richi poterera zuva mukutendera kwaro
  • (ii) kana morekyuru (molecule) negiravhiti zvakaringana kusvika pachimiro chakaita sedenderedzwa
  • (iii) kana chiri chinhu chikuru cheku poterera kwaro uye nekudaro rakabvisa zvimwe zvinhu kubva munzira nekutenderera kwayo.

Tsananguro iyi yakasarudzwa nevhoti kunyangwe vamwe veZvemuchadenga vasina kubvumirana wo. Chisarudzo ichi chakabvisa chinzvimbo che chindeya chainzi Pwuto, kunyangwe chaive chichionekwa sechindeya muzana remakore apfuura. Dzimwe nguva kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinodaidzwa zvakare kunzi "zvindeya" kunyangwe zvisingakwanise kuita zvese zvinhu zvitatu.

Mazita eZvindeya[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Zvindeya muChishona[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Muchiverenga rangarirai kuti mamwe mazita ezvindeya muChishona haasati akuzivikwa, ndosaka pachishandiswa mazita eChingezi. Zvakadaro, mazita ezvindeya muChishona anowanikwa mutafura iri pazasi:

Chindeya Mamwe mazita Chingezi ChiBantu
Nyamatsatse[2] Nyamasase; Nyamatsatsi Mercury Utaridi (Chiswahiri)[8]
Hweva Hwevera

Nyamatsatse / Matsatse

Masasi / Masase

Vhenekeratsvimborume

Marinda

Nhanda

Vhinasi

Venus Zuhura/Ng'andu (Chiswahiri)[8]
Rinopasi Nyika Earth Dunia (Chiswahiri)[8]
Murongazuva Mrongazuva

Maasi / Maazi

Mars Mirihi (Chiswahiri)[8]
Vhenekeratsvimborume[6] Vheneke

Tsvimborume

Jupiter Mshtarii (Chiswahiri)[8]
Chirema Chiremera

Sotani

Saturn Zohali (Chiswahiri)[8]
Yuranisi Yuranasi Uranus Uranus (Chiswahiri)[8]
Neputoni Nepuchoni

Nepuchuni

Neptune Neptun (Chiswahiri)[8]

Nekuti zita rekuti Vhenekeratsvimborume rirefu richaita richi pfupidzwa parinenge richinyorwa, saka richanzi: Vheneke kana Tsvimborume.

Mifananidzo ezvindeya[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Zvindeya zvidiki muChishona[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Njondi (Pluto) yaive chindeya asi yakabviswa ipapo ikatumidzwa kunzi chindeya chidiki (dwarf planet). Zita iri ririkubva pachatemanjonda (kureva plutocracy).

Nhoroondo[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Hweva[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Zita rekuti Hweva ndiro rega raakushandiswa kumirira venus munguva inoyi. Kare kare, Hweva aive namazita akawanda, nekuti ndicho chindeya chaionekwa kazhinji kudarika zvimwe zvindeya. Mamwe mazita aHweva aive:[4]

Mazuvano mazita aHweva aakushandiswa kudana nyenyedzi dzese dzinooneka nesizo risina kupfeka, kwete Chiremera naNeputoni chete. Izvi zvakakinzerwa nekuti mazita aHweva aiwanzo mirira kana kureva 'nyenyedzi inooneka' (visible star), kunyanya zuva parinenge rabuda. Asi zvindeya zhinji zvinooneka pasina mwenje, uye nepasina zuva rakanyanya kujeka.[4]

Ruambangano neMazita[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Ruambangano inyaya dzisiri chokwadi, kana nyaya dzekare kare kunyanya nyaya dzaitendwa kudhara dzisisa tendwe mazuvano. Mundoto dzeMashona yezve kusikwa kwezvinhu, Hweva ari apakati, iye nemamwe mazita ake ese.

Mashona[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Mwari[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Kuti nyaya yaHweva inzwisike munofanhira kuziva Mwari weMashona.

Mashona vanovimba kuti pakutanga paive naMwari, uye Mwari chete pachake. Vashona vanotenda kuti Mwari ndiMwari vane rudo, Mwari vane moyo munyoro, Mwari vakanaka uye Mwari vane rupo pakati pezvimwe zvinhu. Zvakanaka kuzivisana kuti Mashona vanoti Mwari havazi murume kana mukadzi, asi munguva ino yatirimo Mwari anotendwa kunge murume, achiwanzo kudanwa kuti Baba kana Baba vedu.

Chitendo cheVashona chakanaka zvekuti, uye Mwari wedu ndiMwari chaiye, taingo muziva wo zvakasiyana neVarungu.

Pamusoro pezvo, Vashona vanotenda kuti Mwari ndiye musiki wezvinhu zvese, vachigara kumudana vachimuti Musikazvese (Creator of all) pakati pemamwe mazita avanomudeedza navo. Mamwe aMwari kubva kuMashona anonzi; Musiki; Musikavanhu, Nyadenga uye Tenzi.

Zivai kuti Mwari izita reVashona kwete remaKristo, uye rinoshandiswa wo nevaya Vashona vanonamata chitendero chezvinyakare. Izita raivepo kubva munguva yeUmambo hweZimbabwe uye, munguva yeUmambo hweMutapa futi. Makristo vakauya ndokubva vangori shandisa wo muBhaibheri nekuti ndiro raizivikwa neMashona.

Ngano yaHweva[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Pakutanga, Mwari akasika Mwedzi mudziva rakadzika rinowanzonzi Dzivaguru. Mwedzi akakumbira kugara pasi kwete kuva mumvura. Mwari ari Mwari ane nyasha, uye achida zvaakasika akabvumira kuti Mwedzi agare pasi. Nekudaro, paakangove pasi Mwedzi akasurukirwa, kunyangwe Mwari vakazviona izvi. Mwari pavakaona kusurukirwa kwaMwedzi, vakafunga zvakange zvisina kunaka kuti ave ari ega. Saka Mwari vakatora Hweva (nyeredzi yekuseni) kubva mudenga vakamutumira pasi kunaMwedzi. Ipapo Hweva akazove mukadzi waMwedzi, asi Mwari vakayambira Mwedzi kuti mushure memakore maviri aifanira kuzomudzosera kudenga. Mwedzi akanzwisisa ndokubvuma. Saka iye naHweva vakagara vese makore maviri, uye panguva iyi Hweva akabereka zvese zvinomera zveRinopasi. Pasina nguva, makore maviri akasvika pakupera uye Mwedzi aifanhira kudzosa Hweva kudzokera kudenga. Mwedzi akazaze kuzviita, asi akadzosa mukadzi wake kudenga sezvaakange arairwa naMwari.

Rangarirai kuti Hweva izita rinomirira chindeya kana nyeredzi inonzi venus muChinezi.

Hweva paakange aenda Mwedzi akatanga kunzwa kusurukirwa zvekare, uyezve Mwari akanzwa kusuruvara nekuda kwake. Kusuruvara kwaMwedzi kwakakurudzira Mwari kuti vatore kubva mudenga nekutumira Vhenekeratsvimborume (nyeredzi yemanheru) paRinopasi kuti ave naMwedzi. Uye zvakare zvakare Mwari akaudza Mwedzi kuti achamudzosera kudenga mushure memakore maviri. Mwedzi akabvuma, saka Vhenekeratsvimborume akagara naye. NaMwedzi Vhenekeratsvimborume akazvara, kutanga kuzvirimwa zvinomera zvipuka neshiri, uye akazvara futi vakomana nevasikana. Pakupedzisira, makore maviri akauya, uye Mwari akaudza Mwedzi kuti adzose Vheneka kudenga zvekare. Mwedzi akaramba. Pazuva rakatevera racho, Vheneka akazvara nyama dzinodya dzimwe; se shumba pamwe chete nezvinyavada nezvimwe wo zvikara.

Iyi ndiyo nyaya yaHweva[9]. Zvekare rangarirai kuti Hweva aive nemazita akasiyana, nekuda kwekuti aionekwa munguva dzakusiyana dzezuva. [9]

Hunhu hwevamwe[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Chiratini[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Chiratini (Latin), ndiyo inoshandiswa nemimwe mitauro yekuYuropu kugadzirisa mashoko akawanda enyika zhinji. Kunyangwe Chingezi chinotora mashoko kubva kuChiratini. MuChiratini Zuva (nyeredzi) rinonzi 'Sol' uye Mwedzi kana jenaguru rinonzi 'Luna'. Mashoko akaita se 'Solar system' (kubva ku-Sol) ne 'Lunar eclipse' (kubva ku-Luna) anobva kumashoko ekuRatini. Mazita ezvindeya anodanwa sezvakadai:

  • Nyamatsatse ndi-Mercurius
  • Hweva ndi-Venus
  • Rinopasi ndi-Terra (Mashoko ekutiTerrestrial(MuRinopasi) kana extraterresrial (kunze kweRinopasi) anobva kushoko rinori).
  • Mrongazuva ndi-Mars
  • Vhenekeratsvimborume ndi-Iupiter
  • Chirema ndi-Sartunus
  • Yuranisi ndi-Uranus
  • Neputoni ndi-Neptunus
  • Pwuto ndi-Pluto

Indo[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Indo kana Indiya inoshandisa sistimu yakavakirwa paNavagraha, iyo inosanganisira zvindeya nomwe echinyakare (Surya ndiZuva, Chandra ndiMwedzi, Budha ndiNyamatsatse, Shukra ndiHweva, Mangala yeMrongazuva, Bṛhaspati ndiVhenekeratsvimborume, uye Shani ndiChirema) uye kukwira nekudzika kwemwedzi (ma lunar nodes) kunonzi Rahu (kukwira kwemwedzi) naKetu (kudzika kwemwedzi).

Chayina[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Chayina nedzimwe nyika dzekumabvazuva kweEzhiya munhoroondo pasi pechimiro e tsika dzeChichayina (senge Japani, Chamhembe cheKoriya neVhiyetinamu) vanoshandisa zita rekutumidza mazita kubva pazvinhu zvishanu zveChichayina: mvura (Nyamatsatse), simbi (Hweva), moto (Mrongazuva), huni (Vhenekeratsvimborume) uye pasi (Chirema).

Arabhu[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

MuChiarabhu, Nyamatsatse ndi عُطَارِد (ʿUṭārid, yakabatana naIshtar / Astarte), Hweva ndi الزهرة (az-Zuhara, "inopenya", kazita kemwarikadzi Al-'Uzzá), Rinopasi ndi الأرض (al-ʾArḍ, kubva pamudzi mumwechete se eretz), Mrongazuva ndi اَلْمِرِّيخ (al-Mirrīkh, zvinoreva kuti "museve usina mapapiro" nekuda kwekudzokororazve), Vhenekeratsvimborume ndi المشتري (al-Muštarī, "yakavimbika", kubva ku-Akkadian) uye Chirema ndi زُحَل (Zuḥal, "mudyari").

Chiswahiri[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Chiswahiri inotora mazita ezvindeya kubva kuChiarabhu, ine mamwe mazita anobva kuChiBantu, zvindeya zveChiswahiri zviri sezvakanyorwa pazasi.[8]

  • Nyamatsatse ndi-Utaridi richibva kushoko reChiarabhu rekuti عُطَارِد (ʿUṭārid)
  • Hweva ndi-Zuhura richibva futi kushoko reChiarabhu الزهرة (az-Zuhara) rinoreva kuti "inopenya"
  • Rinopasi ndi-Dunia, asi rimwe zita rekuti Ardhi rinobva kuChiarabu ndi الأرض (al-ʾArḍ)
  • Murongazuva ndi-Mirihi kubva kuChiarabhu اَلْمِرِّيخ (al-Mirrīkh) richireva kuti "museve usina mapapiro"
  • Vhenekeratsvimborume ndi-Mshtarii richibva kuChiarabhu zvekare, المشتري (al-Muštarī) rinoreva kuti "yakavimbika"
  • Chirema ndi-Zohali richibva futi kushoko reChiarabhu rekuti زُحَل (Zuḥal) rinoreva kuti "mudyari".[8]

Yuranisi naNeputoni havabve kuChiarabhu, vanobva kuChiroma.

Ruambanyeredzi[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Tarisai peji re: Zvindeya muRuambanyeredzi

Kurerutsa Mutauro[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

  • Chindeya (revolving object) zvinotaura chinhu chinopoterera sezvinoita Rinopasi richindeya muboterero rakakomberedza zuva.

Zvakanaka kuwonesana kuti izwi rokuti chindeya haritaurwi semashandisiro ariri kuitwa pano kuShona inodzidziswa muzvikoro. Kana Shoko ririmnani rabuda, Shoko rokuti chindeya rinokwanisa kushandurwa.

  • Nyamatsatse, Vhenekeratsvimborume, Chirema, Yuranisi naNeputoni ese mazita anobva kuChirungu nekuti mazita eChishona haasati akuzivikwa, mashoko eChishona akawanikwa mashoko aya achashandurwa.

Mitauro yeBantu[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

Chiswahiri - shoko rekuti Sayari rinoreva kuti Chindeya.[8]

Chigwere shoko rekuti Senendo rinoreva kuti Chindeya

Chizuru vanoti indonsakusa vachireva Hweva

  • MaZulu vanoti indonsamasuku (chirevo; "chinounza mambakwedza") vachireva hweva.

Chirotse kana Chirozi - Lilungwe (n. Hweva - nyeredzi yekuseni). Kune rimwe izwi rokuti Sikupamulalelo.

Chiringara - Monzɔ́tɔ mwa malíli vachireva kuti Chindeya.

Chiganda - Alina embugo bbiri vachireva kuti Chindeya.

Chitsonga

  • Gongomela (n. Nyamatsatse).
  • Mahlahle (n. Hweva) - zvichida vanoreva Nyamatsatse?
  • Misava (n. Rinopasi).
  • Makolotswani (n. Mrongazuva).
  • Makulani (n. Vhenekeratsvimborume).
  • Ntavasi (n. Chirema).
  • N'wakhubyanyana (n. Yuranasi).
  • N'wakhatini (n. Neputoni).

Mabviro eruzivo[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 F.W.J McCosh (et. al), n.d, 'The Rhodesia Native Affairs Dept. Annual for 1979',The African Sky; Planets. Yakatariswa: 6 Chikumi 2021
  2. 2.0 2.1 Vashona, 29 Zvita 2018, 'Nyamatsatse', Zita: Kirasi 9, Manyika-Zezuru. Yakatariswa: 5 Chikumi 2021
  3. Vashona, 8 Nyamavhuvhu 2019, 'Hweva', Duramazwi, Zita: Kirasi 9, Sitandadhi Shona. Yakatariswa: 6 Chikumi 2021
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Zimbaoriginal, september 30 2019, 'Cultural astronomy of the Shona: Interperting how the moon, stars, and planets are perceived',The stars and the planets. Yakatariswa: 5 Chikumi 2021
  5. Vashona, 30 Chikunguru 2021, 'Mrongazuva', Duramazwi, zita: kirasi 3, Sitandadhi Shona. Yakatariswa: 6 Chikumi 2021
  6. 6.0 6.1 Vashona, july 30 2015, 'Vhenekeratsvimborume',dictionary, noun: class 9, standard shona
  7. Vashona, 4 Mbudzi 2019, 'Chirema', Duramazwi, Zita: Kirasi 7, Zezuru. Yakatariswa: 6 Chikumi 2021
  8. 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 Vawedzeri veWikipidhiya, (4 Gunyana 2020), 'Sayari', Sayari za jua letu. Yakatariswa: 5 Chikumi 2021
  9. 9.0 9.1 Mavhu F.W. Hargrove, 12 Chivabvu 2018, 'Guest voices: Shona creation story', Cosmos diary. Yakatariswa: 6 Chikumi 2021