Nguva

Nguva (nge. time, duration) kana nguwa ienderero ye sikwenzi ye uzima uye zviitiko zvinoitika musasesheni isingarhivhesike kubva kurukare, muruzvino uye muramangwana. Ikomponenti kwanditi ye zvipimo zvakasiyana zvinoshandiswa kusikwenza zviitiko, kuenzanisa nguvainotorwa (dhuresheni) ye zviitiko kana maindavhoro aripakati pawo, uye kukwandifaya rheti ye shanduko ye makwanditi emumtumbi pavudi kana murupepuko rwe itiko (ekspiriyenzi). Nguva inowanzo dudzwa ichinzi se utandu una, pamwe ne utandu unhatu we chadenga.

Nguva yagarisa iri nhauro yakakosha ye kudzidza muchinamato, ugondamano uye sainzi, asi kuipa chirevo munzira inopinda mundimafundo dzose pasina chirevo chinozivikwa (circular definition) kwakakonzera kukanganisa vafundi (maskola). Zvakadaro, ndimafundo dzakasiyana senge bhizimusi, hushangazhi, maspoti, masainzi, uye zviseza zvokupefoma (performing arts) zvinosanganisa nosheni yenguva mumitandira ye kupima yazvo.

Nguva inopimwa nezviyero zvinonzi: sekondi(s), mineti (min), awa (h). Musi umwe une maAwa makumi maviri nemana (24h). Awa rimwe rine makumi matanhatu emineti. Mineti imwe ine makumi matanhatu esekondi.

• Kudzamara, dzamara, kudzimara, kudzingara - ishoko rinotaurwa kurevera chinhu chiri kuitwa iko zvino chichizomira kana kushanduka kana imwe nguva yasvika. Somuenzaniso - ticharima dhunduru rekumadokero kudzamara zuva ravira. Ticharamba tichifamba kudzamara tasvika pane misha.
• Metsa ishoko reChindau rinofanana nokuti kudzamara. Sokuti metsa nhasi zvinoreva kuti kusvika nhasi. Metsa auye kureva kudzamara auye.
• Rute 1:19, Ndizvo vairi ava vakaenda metsa vaguma Bhetherehema: So the two of them went on until they came to Bethlehem. (kubva muBhaibheri reChiNdau )

• Mhindi (Short space of time).
• Kamukowoko, kamukuwo kana chinguva (Instant. Moment. 2. Short space of time).
• Kutunha, kutunhidzira kana kutunhiridza (postpone) apa kureva kushandudza chiitiko chakatarwa nguva yacho kuti chichifamba panguva iri mberi.

• Chigu (temporary thing).
• Chingo, chinguri kana chiko (Since). Chingo ndakabarwa handisati ndambosvika kuMavhuradonha.
• Nhasi (today) izwi rinoreva zuva rino ratiri kana musi uno watiri. KuChiNdau inoti nyamashi.

Nguva ye Chishona

nguva pa wachi	Chishona	nguva pa wachi	Chishona	Nguva pa wachi (inogona kuva iyi futi)
Kuseniseni
4:00am – 4:59am	mambamkwedza; mashambanzou	ante meridiem; AM	kuseni (ksn)	4:00ksn – 4:59ksn
5:00am – 5:59am	runyanhiriri; mafuramhembwe	kumashure kwemasikati	mm?; km?	5:00ksn – 5:59ksn
Mangwanani
6:00am – 9:59am	rudziyamushana; rudziyakamwe			6:00ksn – 9:59ksn
10:00am – 11:59am	rurovanhongonya			10:00ksn – 11:59ksn
Masikati
12:00pm – 14:59pm	masikati	post meridiem; PM	madekwa (mdk)	12:00mdk – 14:59mdk
15:00pm – 16:59pm	madeukira [madekwana]			15:00mdk – 16:59mdk
Madeko
17:00pm – 17:59pm	rukunzvikunzvi			17:00mdk – 17:59mdk
18:00pm – 18:59pm	rufuramhembwe [manhoko]			18:00mdk – 18:59mdk
Manheru
19:00pm – 19:59pm	ruvhunzavaeni			19:00mdk – 19:59mdk
Usiku
20:00pm – 3:59am	usiku			20:00mdk – 3:59ksn

Nguva dze mangwanani

• Kumashure kwe masikati (mm) - haakwanise kushandiswa nekuti zvinopokana ne milimita.
• Kumashure kwe masikati (km) - inopokana ne kiromita.
• Kumashure kwe masikati (ms) - inopokana ne mili sekondi.
• KSN - ari kubva pakuti "kuseni", saka panonzi 6am toniti matanhatu ekuseni (6ksn)

Nguva dze masikati

• MDK- ari kubva pakuti "madekwa", saka panonzi 6pm tinoti matanhatu emadekwa (6mdk)
  • shoko rokuti madekwa rakajairika vanhu vazhinji vanoritaura pavanenge vachitaura nezve nguva ngunyangwe munziyo. 6 dzemadekwa, 9 dzemadekwa.
• MNH - ari kubva pakuti "manheru", saka panonzi 6pm tinoti matanhatu emanheru (6mnh)

Kuwerenga nguva

Nhambo / Awa

Nhambo irimwe shoko reShona rinoreva kunguva, rinoshandiswa kutaura zvikamu zvenguva, kana tichitodza Chingezi tinoti awa.

Mamhindi / Mamineti

Mhindi ishoko rechishona rinoreva nguva pfupi, uye nekumwe kutaura tinoti mineti zve tichitodza Chingezi.

Zvepiri / Masekondi

Chepiri ndiro shoko rinoshandiswa kureva masekondi kuChishona, nekumwe kutaura tinoti Chinguva.

Zvidimbu / Hafu

Chidimbu zvinoreva chikamu kana chikamu chepakati neChishona, nepamusaka pekushandisa Chingezi vanhu vanoti hafu zve.

Zvipandi / Kota

Chipandi ishoko rechishona rinozvikamu zvina, kana kota tichitodza Chingezi pekare.

Zvinyorwa zve chidzidzo

Mwero wenguva

• Chitima chinosvika nechido: the train arrives on time.
• Mangwana kana hwedza (tomorrow).
• Hwedza Mangwanani (Tomorrow Morning).
• Hwedza Mauro (Tomorrow Evening).
• Kuswera mangwana (day after tomorrow).
• Kuswera Zuro kana marimwe zuro (day before yesterday).
• Masikati kana sikati (daytime) apa kureva nguva yokunge kunze kwakachena.
• Mambakwedza kana marirakwedza (dawn of day) apa kureva chifumo chezuva.
• Utonga kana utongwa hwakatsvuka (first glow).
• Mukore (period of history).
• Mukuwo (time, period?) Tarisa Esther 8:9 muBhaibheri reChiNdau.
• Nhaka (this year) zvichireva gore rino. Nhaka tinonzwaririra: gore rino tinonzwaririra. Tinokwanisa kutura tichiti nhaka uno kana nhaka rino.
• Izwi rokuti chibaka (time) rinotaurwa kuKalanga richireva nguva. Zvichida iwi iri rinotodzana nezita rinonzi Chiwaka?
• Izwi rokuti chimuka (following day) rinotaurwa kuKalanga richireva mangwana.

Kurerutsa Mutauro

• Mati sekuru vachasvika nhamboi?
• Mugarakare (Object that has lasted long, or will last long, or has been a long time in its present position).
• Hunderere, hunyata, kana tsva-a (ideo of Growing dark at dusk). Kunze kwava kuti hunderere: dusk is falling.
• Apo nyika ichindoripo mukuwo wokukusha nokukukura, kutonhora nokupisha, chirimo nechando, masikati nousiku azvizokoreri, Genesis 8:23 (kubva muBhaibheri reChiNdau).
• Chinguri ndamuka handina kumbobuda panze.
• Chiko ndakabarwa handisati ndamboona nzunza.
• Chingo chandapinda handisati ndaonana naChiremba.

Tsumo

• Zuva ravira radoka usiku hahuriri shiri. After sunset, it dawns (already); birds do not sing at night.
• Pasi mupindu panopinduka. The world is liable to change, it changes.

Mashoko ashandiswa

	sikwenzi (sequence)		itiko (experience, qualia)		ndimafundo (field of study)
	mtumbi pavudi (material reality)		utandu una (fourth dimension)
	indavhoro (interval)		utandu utatu we chadenga (three-dimensional space)
	rupepuko (conscious)		chadenga (space)

Mitauro ye Chibantu

• Mang'anja inoti ntawi (n. time) kureva nguva. Nyungwe inoti nthawe (time) kureva nguva. Kagulu inoti chigele (time).
• Zigula neDigo inoti chipindi (awhile, while, time, channel, episode; Period of time) kureva nhambwe yenguva. Yao inoti katema (time, occasion, season, date).
• Nyanja inoti bindikiza (n. to be permanent). Shambala inoti minga (n. time) kureva nguva. Kinande inoti endambi (time) kureva nguva.
• Makua inoti okathi (n. time) kureva nguva. Ndebele inoti isikathi. Luganda inoti mlundi (a time) kureva chinguva. Kinande inoti -tambi (time, duration) kureva nhambo.
• Luganda inoti milundi mingi (often) kureva nguva zhinji. VaZigula inoti ntambo ino (this time). Mamwe mazwi: ntambo ntuhu (next time). Muda kana mwida (period).