Rupambuko rweChiedza

Mutaro unotaridza rupambuko wemasaisai emvura

Muchidzidzo fundoyetsimba, rupambuko rwechiedza (refraction of light in English) zvinoreva kubhenda nokushanduka kwakanangwa kunoitika kana masaisai achipfuura muhwendedzo (medium) hwakasiyana. Panoshanduka hwendedzo, muchacha wesaisai unoshanduka asi frequency yemasaisai haishanduke. Rupambuko rwechiedza runoonekwa kana masaisai achisvika pahwendedzo negonyo risiri 90^o kana 0^o. Rupambuko runonyanya kuonekwa pamasaisai echiedza, asi unoitikawo kana masaisai emuriro achipfuura muhwendedzo hwakasiyana. Rupambuko runoitika kana masaisai emvura achipfuura mumvura yakadzika zvakasiyana. Chiitiko chekukombamiswa kana kutsaudzwa kwechiedza pakati pehwendedzo huviri chinotsanangurwa nemutemo waSnell unonyorwa sezvinotevera:

Pane hwendedzo huviri huri kudarikwa nesaisai rine dendera pa mineti rakafanana, rheshiyo yemasine egonyo rokusvika θ₁ negonyo rerupambuko θ₂ yakaenzana nerheshiyo yemuchacha muhwendedzo mbiri (v₁ / v₂). Zvakare rheshiyo idzi dzakaenzana nemusunamiswa werheshiyo dzemutendeki werupambuko, (n₂ / n₁):

${\frac {\sin \theta _{1}}{\sin \theta _{2}}}={\frac {v_{1}}{v_{2}}}={\frac {n_{2}}{n_{1}}}.$

Mutemo waSnell unotsanangura rupambuko

Kurerutsa mutauro

• Mutendeki werupambuko - refractive index.
• Gonyo rokusvika - Angle of incidence.
• Gonyo rerupambuko - Angle of refraction.
• Kupambuka zvinoreva kutsauka kubva panzira nyanga iri kufambwa nayo kuchitorwa imwe nzira; izvi zvoreva kushanduka kwedivi rakanangwa (direction).

Tsananguro

Rupambuko chiitiko chinoonekwa kana masaisai achidarika hwendedzo mbiri dzine mutendeki werupambuko wakasiyana. Pamuganhu wehwendedzo mbiri idzi, spidhi yemasaisai inoshandurwa, izvi zvokonzera kushandura kwedivi rakanangwa nemasaisai. Hurefu hwemasaisai hunoshanduka asi mudida wacho haushanduke.

Mitauro yeBantu

• VaLenje kune izwi rinoti kupambana (part, branch, divide e.g. road). VaLenje vanoti mapambanwe (place where road branches).
• VaLenje vanoti pambana (go different ways) vachireva kupambana. VaLenje vanoti pambuka (turn off, branch off, separate from something, come apart) vachireva kupambuka.
• VaMambwe vanoti -pambasya (to lead or pass aside) vachireva kupambutsa. VaMambwe vanoti -pambatula (to separate that which adheres, unglue) vachireva kukwatanura.
• MaZulu vanoti phambu (ideo. of branching off, turning, deviating). Mamwe mazwi: impambu (deviation) vachireva mhambu.
• MaZulu vanoti phambuka (Branch off, turn off, deviate; move out of the way). Muenzaniso: ukuphambuha endleleni (to turn off from the path) kureva kutsauka kubva munzira.