Mipanda yeRopa
Vanhu tine ropa rakasiyana. Nyanzvi dzehurapi dzakawongorora ropa nokurironga muMipanda yeRopa zvichienderana nokusiyana kwarakaita.
Dandira reMipanda ABO
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Ropa rinowanikwa mumipanda inonzi Mupanda A, Mupanda B, Mupanda AB neMupanda O. Mipanda yeRopa inotevedza madzivaureya (antibodies) anowanikwa mumutuvi weropa uye mabaraureya (antigens) anowanikwa padeko renyere tsvuku dzeropa - red blood cells. Mhasa iri kurudyi iyo inotaridza mipanda yeropa saizvozvi - kuronga uku kunotevedza Dandira reMipanda ABO rakaitwa nemuJudah ainzi Karl Landsteiner. Kune dzimwe nzira dzokuronga nadzo Mipanda yeRopa dzinoshandisa maDandira akasiyana.
Vanhu vane ropa reMupanda O vanokwanisa kupa nyere tsvuku dzeropa kuvanhu vamwe vose. Nokudaro mupanda O unodanwa kunzi mupi wedekeshera - universal donor. Vanhu vane ropa remupanda AB vanokwanosa kugashira nyere tsvuku dzeropa kubva kuvanhu vose. Nokudaro mupanda AB unodanwa kunzi mugashiri wedekeshera - universal recipient. Pano izwi rokuti dekeshera riri kushandiswa kuturikira chinonzi multitude kana universal kuEnglish - vamwe vatauri vangati dekeshera. Izwi rokuti nyere riri kushandiawa kuturikira chinonzi cell.
Dzivaureya
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Mazwi anoti dzivaureya kana mhikisaureya ari kushandiswa pano kuturikira chinonzi antibody kuEnglish – apa kureva murimo uri mumuviri unoshanda basa rekurwisa kareya kose kapinda mumuviri. Chinongo kana kareya takatarisana nehurapi chinenge chiri chiro chisina kunakira muviri: ichi chingava chinokonzera hurwere; kusashanda nemazvo kwenhengo dzemuviri kana kuti chiro chisina kugona kuzivikanwa nomuviri. Chinongo kana kareya zvinoreva blemish or flaw kuEnglish. Kuwanda kwemazwi asarudzwa kududzira antibody inzira yokubvuma kuti pachiri kutsvagwa izwi chairo rakafanira, rinova ndiro richazopfumbira.