Bhawaraki
Tarisai futi peji re: Mazita e Nhangande
| Zita re nhangande | Bhawaraki (kana Bhoroni) |
| Chiratidzo | B |
| Numeri ye hatomu | 5 |
| Huremu we hatomu | 10.8 u |
| Hukomba | 2, 3 |
| Kuoma ( Mohs ) | ~ 9.5 |
| Chimiso chekufanza | 2349 K (2076 ° C) |
| Rheti ye kufanza | 4200 K (3927 ° C) |
| Huwandu hwe goko re rinopasi | 0 |
Bhawaraki (ku Chingezi: Boron kubva kushoko re Chiarabhu Bawraq) kana Bhoroni inhangande ye mushonga. Ine chiratidzo che mushonga cha B. Ine numeri ye hatomi ya 5. Ichisimbi; ine miriki ye simbi uye isinasimbi. Bhawaraki zhinji inowanikwa mu kombaundi ye mushonga muchitofu chebhuraki (ore borax) yayo. Bhawaraki hayikwanise kutsvakwa mudondo.
Tsananguro
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Pane mhando dze bhawaraki mbiri dzinowanikwa (allotropes). Amorufosi bhawaraki ipawudha yeruvara rwembise uye bhawaraki ye usimbi (crystalline) ine ruvara rutema ne conducter iri isina kusimba muhujoto we kamure. Bhawaraki ndiyo nhangande ye chishanu muboterera yenhangande, pamusoro pezvo ibazi rechikamu chemeso werinopasi. Bhawaraki tsvene inoshandiswa se dopant (rucheka inowedzerwa ku semiconductors kuti ashandure maitiro ayo nemagetsi) mu hushangazhi we semiconductor.
Kombaundi ye mushonga we Bhawaraki yakakosha nekuti anogadzira rucheka wakasimba isinga reme stereki, se nontoxic insecticides ne preservative uye chiruka che mushonga.
Madzinde anoda bhawaraki mukati mawo kuti ave mapenyu. Ushoma hwe bhawaraki unodiwa mumwiri wemhuka kuti dzirambe dzine hutano hwakanaka. Zvekuti inochengeta hutano hwemhuka, hazvizivikwi kuti zvinoshanda sei mutsananguro refu.
Bhawaraki yakawanikwa ne Mungezi anonzi Saya Humphry Davy, nyanzvi ye chemishonga muna 1808.
Bhawaraki inonyauka mu 2075 °C (3767 °F), uye ino fanza mu 4000 °C (7232 °F).
Zita
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Vambo (etymology)
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Shoko re Chingezi rekuti Boron rinotorwa kubva ku shoko rekuti borax rakatorwa wo kubva ku Chiarabhu pashoko rekuti 'bawraq'. Iro shoko rekuti bawraq ndiro rashandiswa zve kuturikira shoko re Chishona resimbi inonzi 'boron' sezvakaitwa ne vatauri vemitauro mumwe. Pano sikwa mashoko ekutapa kana asina manzvovera anowedzerwa uye shona hayina 'q' saka 'k' aiswa pamusoro paro, ndokusikwa kwa 'bhawaraki'.
Mashoko ashandiswa
[chinjirudza | chinjirudza mabviro]Bhuraki (borax) - chishoteswo che Bhawaraki uye rinobvawo kushoko re Chiarabhu al'buraq/bawraq (البورق).
Miriki (property) - ratorwa kubva kuChiswahiri, kana shoko re Chishona richizivikwa ngari iswe pamusoro peiri.
Chisimbi (metalloid), Sinasimbi (non-metal), Amufurosi (amorphous) uye Gamasimbi (semi-metal) - tarisai peji re Gama kuti muzive chirevo charo.
Rucheka (substance; material), chiruka (synthesis)